Ukuqonda iSiseko seNkqubo yeFilimu encinci yePV: Isishwankathelo esiBanzi

Kwindawo yamandla avuselelekayo, iinkqubo zefilimu ezinqabileyo ze-photovoltaic (PV) ziye zavela njengeteknoloji ethembisayo, enika indlela eguquguqukayo kunye neyongezelelweyo yokuvelisa umbane welanga. Ngokungafaniyo neephaneli zelanga ezisekwe kwisilicon eqhelekileyo, iinkqubo zefilimu ezibhityileyo zePV zisebenzisa umaleko obhityileyo wemathiriyeli ye-semiconductor efakwe kwi-substrate eguquguqukayo, izenza zibe khaphukhaphu, zibhetyebhetye kwaye zilungelelaniswe nezicelo ezahlukeneyo. Esi sithuba sebhlog sijonga iziseko zeenkqubo zePV zefilim ezicekethekileyo, ziphonononga izinto zazo, ukusebenza kwazo, kunye neenzuzo abazizisa kumandla ahlaziyekayo.

Amacandelo e-Thin Film PV Systems

I-Photoactive Layer: Intliziyo yenkqubo ye-PV yefilimu encinci yi-photoactive layer, eyenziwa ngokuqhelekileyo kwizinto ezifana ne-cadmium telluride (CdTe), i-copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS), okanye i-silicon amorphous (a-Si). Lo maleko ufunxa ukukhanya kwelanga uze ukuguqule ube ngamandla ombane.

I-Substrate: I-photoactive layer ifakwe kwi-substrate, enika inkxaso yesakhiwo kunye nokuguquguquka. Izinto eziqhelekileyo ze-substrate ziquka iglasi, iplastiki, okanye iifoyile zetsimbi.

I-Encapsulation: Ukukhusela umaleko wokufota kwizinto zokusingqongileyo ezinje ngokufuma kunye neoksijini, ugqunyelelwe phakathi kwamaleko amabini akhuselayo, aqhele ukwenziwa ngeepolima okanye iglasi.

I-Electrodes: Uqhagamshelwano lombane, okanye i-electrodes, isetyenziselwa ukuqokelela umbane owenziweyo kwi-photoactive layer.

Ibhokisi ye-Confluence: Ibhokisi ye-confluence isebenza njengendawo yokudibanisa ephakathi, idibanisa iimodyuli zelanga ezizimeleyo kunye nomzila wombane owenziweyo kwi-inverter.

I-Inverter: I-inverter iguqula umbane okhoyo ngqo (DC) oveliswe yinkqubo ye-PV ube ngumbane otshintshanayo wangoku (AC), ohambelana negridi yamandla kunye nezixhobo ezininzi zendlu.

Ukusebenza kwe-Thin Film PV Systems

Ukufunxwa kukukhanya kwelanga: Xa ukukhanya kwelanga kubetha umaleko wefoto, iifotoni (iipakethi zamandla okukhanya) ziyafunxwa.

I-Electron Excitation: Iifotoni ezifunxayo zichulumancisa ii-elektroni kwizinto ezifotayo, zibangele ukuba zitsibe ukusuka kwindawo esezantsi yamandla ukuya kwimeko ephezulu yamandla.

Ukwahlula Intlawulo: Olu vuselelo ludala ukungalingani kwentlawulo, kunye nee-electron ezingaphezulu ziqokelelana kwelinye icala kunye nemingxuma ye-electron (ukungabikho kwee-electron) kwelinye.

Ukuqukuqela kwangoku koMbane: Imimandla yombane eyakhelweyo ngaphakathi kwesixhobo sokufota ikhokela ii-electron ezahluliweyo kunye nemingxuma ngokubhekiselele kwi-electrode, ukuvelisa umbane.

Izinto eziluncedo kwiiNkqubo zePV zeFilimu eziNcinci

I-Lightweight kunye ne-Flexible: Iinkqubo ze-PV zefilimu ezincinci zikhaphukhaphu kakhulu kwaye zibhetyebhetye ngakumbi kuneepaneli ze-silicon eziqhelekileyo, zizenza zilungele izicelo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya uphahla, iifacade zokwakha, kunye nezisombululo zamandla aphathwayo.

Ukusebenza kokukhanya okuphantsi: Iinkqubo ze-PV zefilimu ezincinci zikholisa ukwenza ngcono kwiimeko eziphantsi zokukhanya xa kuthelekiswa neepaneli ze-silicon, ukuvelisa umbane nakwiintsuku zokusibekela.

I-Scalability: Inkqubo yokwenziwa kweenkqubo ze-PV zefilimu ezinqabileyo ziyancipha kwaye zilungele ukuveliswa kobuninzi, okunokunciphisa iindleko.

Ukwahluka kweMathiriyeli: Iintlobo ngeentlobo zemathiriyeli ye-semiconductor esetyenziswa kwiinkqubo ze-PV zefilimu ezibhityileyo zibonelela ngamathuba okuphucula ngakumbi ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokunciphisa iindleko.

Ukuqukumbela

Iinkqubo ze-PV zefilimu eziNcinci ziye zayiguqula imbonakalo yamandla elanga, inika indlela ethembisayo eya kwikamva lamandla azinzileyo nahlaziyekayo. Ubume babo obulula, obuguquguqukayo, kunye nokulungelelaniswa, kunye nokukwazi kwabo kwiindleko eziphantsi kunye nokusebenza okuphuculweyo kwiimeko zokukhanya okuphantsi, kubenza ukuba bakhethe ukunyanzeliswa koluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo. Njengoko uphando kunye nophuhliso luqhubeka, iinkqubo ze-PV zefilimu ezicekethekileyo zilungele ukudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuhlangabezaneni neemfuno zethu zamandla ehlabathi ngendlela ezinzileyo nenoxanduva lokusingqongileyo.